What is the most effective method to control severe bleeding?

The most effective method to control severe bleeding is through well-aimed direct pressure and packing. This approach focuses on directly addressing the source of the bleeding. Applying consistent and firm pressure to the wound can help constrict blood vessels and allow for clot formation. If direct pressure alone is insufficient, packing the wound with sterile materials can further help to control blood loss by providing a medium for clotting factors to work and stabilize the area.

While elevation of the injured area does aid in reducing blood flow to the site of an injury, it is generally not as effective as direct pressure in stopping severe bleeding. Similarly, the use of heat is not a recognized method for controlling bleeding and can potentially exacerbate the situation by increasing blood flow. The application of chemical clotting agents can assist in some scenarios but may not be as readily available or effective as direct pressure and packing, especially in a wilderness setting where resources may be limited. Therefore, employing direct pressure and packing is the most reliable immediate response to manage severe bleeding effectively.